Men in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Men in Nursing - Essay Example In spite of the fact that there is noteworthy proof of guys in parental figure jobs, the female mastery of the nursing calling began as early as150 years back when Florence songbird turned into a good example for committed medical attendant (Anthony 2004). Infact, the nursing calling picked up its significance from that point forward as a result of proficient preparing, practice of good cleanliness, accentuation on condition, cautious information assortment and investigation, elevated requirements of character and great execution (Anthony 2004). Like the Nightingale model was the European strict sisterhoods model, which came after the Nightingale school and further broadened the female control of the calling. Along these lines nursing calling came to be seen as those administrations gave by kind, mindful, subordinate, supporting, household, modest and benevolent ladies (Anthony 2004). Men were not considered for the job of a medical attendant since they were seen to be solid, forcefu l and predominant (Anthony 2004) and didn't fit into the good example of attendant. The enlisted nursing power ought to mirror the decent variety of the populace they serve (Sherrod 2005). Nonetheless, the pattern doesn't appear to be so. Infact, females are multiple times more selected than ladies (Sherrod 2005). The idea of nursing as a female calling came into vogue because of the well known Nightingale and European sisterhoods schools. In any case, the verifiable actuality is that men have been parental figures since much before that. The clerics and their collaborators who were conveying social insurance as home grown cures and spells in the antiquated human advancement were infact guys. Comparable administrations have been depicted in the Bible (Mosaic laws), Persian and Babykon writing, Greek writing, additionally (Anthony 2004). The job of male medical caretakers has been depicted in the military and common wars likewise (Anthony 2004). In the post-Nightingale period, men

Bernini’s David Free Essays

David The David, a mainstream craftsmanship subject was a take from the scriptural story of the little fellow who nobly executed the over transcending mammoth Goliath. Different craftsmen, for example, Michelangelo and Donated have made their own adaptations of the David, except for having etched them in various timespans. Tangelo’s was in the early Renaissance, Michelangelo in the high, however Bering’s occurred in the Baroque time, a period portrayed by emotional development and brilliant motivation. We will compose a custom exposition test on Bernini’s David or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now David as delineated twisted around in mid-activity planning to sling a stone giving the feeling of peak. The inferred inclining lines of this marble form further instigate the sentiment of development; Bernie Juxtaposes the solid media of stone with the visual of a curving, flexing figure. The authenticity depicted convinces the watcher this is a normal estimated man that shouldn’t gauge more than one either, yet we know unique ?mass is a figment. David is past the customary contraption position, and completely stretches out his chest area to the side, likely adjusted by the shed covering joined to he hanging, sticking from his lower half. The craftsman makes a gigantic Showing with separating surface, from the smooth exposed skin and natural hair, to the twining rope and flaky breastplate underneath him. The lighting of this model considers high contrast†shadows made by the expanding limbs, adding to the force of what David is going to do. Spoken to in life size scale, this practical shepherd appears as though he will rush his chest area in a second or two; the expectation gives the watcher ensign. Intuitive in introduction, it is anything but difficult to feel as though we are scriptural onlookers of what David is going to achieve or even the loathed Goliath himself, depending where you stand. The sculpture can be put unattached in any scene and watchers can advance around the piece, becoming acquainted with it is encouraged through its human authenticity and extent. In spite of the fact that to start, our consideration is taken by the Davit’s possibly climactic posture, on the off chance that we looked nearer the face is one of the different partially open central focuses. David has an amazingly thought face as though he is making all the airborne estimations in his mind to hit his objective spot on. With a wrinkled forehead and his mouth enlarged as though holding an enormous breath, stressing the blast of power to be released. The David was charged via Cardinal Burghers to improve his Galleria, where it stands right up 'til the present time. During this time, Martin Luther announced his 95 propositions reprimanding an inappropriate doings of the Catholic Church, such as giving guilty pleasures. The ensuing Protestant renewal worked up a counter-Reformation, and in Italy where Catholicism ruled, temples got it together. Catholicism returned with energy and vigorously impacted the craftsmanship world. This vitality detonated through sensational, exceptional and self important pieces to intentionally puncture the spirit of watchers in an experience with Godly force. Most works of art had scriptural topic depicted genuinely so the watcher could relate. Bernie was known for his intuitive models that blended stunningness in the individuals who â€Å"experienced† them. By jelly Step by step instructions to refer to Bernini’s David, Papers

Arcimboldos Water :: Visual Arts Paintings Art

Arcimboldo's Water The image is of a head comprised of a wide range of ocean highlights with a plain dark foundation. It would be about difficult to name all the amphibian creatures that make up this head. It creases just as there is a chest plate at the highest point of the body which is made of a crab and there are likewise shoulder plates which are made up by utilizing a turtle and a huge mussel, an octopus has likewise joined itself to the shoulder plates. Staying nearby the neck there is an accessory made of pearls. The cheek is a beam or some likeness thereof, the ear is a mussel with a pearl as a hoop. There is a type of crab set up as the eyebrows and the mouth creases to be a dogfish with its jaws open uncovering all its teeth. The figure creases to be wearing a crown which is comprised of whales, seals, ocean ponies and coral. The nose is additionally made up by a fish. There is a variety of various hues utilized yet just the coral what's more, a lobster crease to be brilliant and truly stick out. Arcimboldo has organized this piece so when you take a gander at the picture you are not struck by singular highlights however the image as a entire and I found that occurred with me. Arcimboldo has utilized oil on limestone to make this image and it creases as if he has constructed the image up from the foundation and included layers as he painted. The thoughts utilized are clearly gotten from the ocean and ocean animals and are made together in an agreeable manner and it gives an indication of harmony with such huge numbers of various animals layed together in congruity. I think it was made to show that individuals can live respectively calmly similarly as the creatures are in the image. It shows that battling and contending can be disposed of and that everybody can get along regardless what or what their identity is: inside the image huge numbers of the creatures would be every others adversary and prey. I like this image in light of the fact that Arcimboldo has joined such a significant number of various species into the picture however it is still unmistakably a face what's more, shoulders. Likewise the message of harmony is obviously shown and is

Centripetal Force

A the centripetal power which is equivalent to the Tension on the Holon string, which is pulling against the spring power which is our centripetal power when our sweep is steady. The ordinary power is continually pulling up, and the power of gravity continually pulling down, they are offset each other in this situation.So despite the fact that we are including progressively mass it doesn't have any impact on the centripetal power. Condition relating the net power (FCC) to the speed (v) of an item moving in uniform round movement. F c = This condition shows that the net power required for an article to move around is legitimately relative to the square of the speed of the item. For a consistent mass ND span, the FCC is corresponding to the paces. VA 2 The factor by which the net power is adjusted is the square of the factor by which the speed is altered.Subsequently, if the speed of the article is multiplied, the net power required for that item's roundabout movement is quadrupled. Al so, if the speed of the item is split (diminished by a factor of 2), the net power required is diminished by a factor of 4. We discover the consequence of our examination portion concurs with above. In our test we keep range consistent so our power remains the equivalent, and as we expanded mass on each trail we see our speed continues diminishing step by step. Centripetal Force A the centripetal power which is equivalent to the Tension on the Holon string, which is pulling against the spring power which is our centripetal power when our range is consistent. The ordinary power is continually pulling up, and the power of gravity continually pulling down, they are counterbalance each other in this situation.So despite the fact that we are including progressively mass it doesn't have any impact on the centripetal power. Condition relating the net power (FCC) to the speed (v) of an item moving in uniform roundabout movement. F c = This condition shows that the net power required for an article to move around is legitimately relative to the square of the speed of the item. For a steady mass ND span, the FCC is relative to the paces. VA 2 The factor by which the net power is modified is the square of the factor by which the speed is altered.Subsequently, if the speed of the article is multiplied, the net power required for that item's round movement is quadrupled. Also, if the speed of the item is split (diminished by a factor of 2), the net power required is diminished by a factor of 4. We discover the aftereffect of our trial portion concurs with above. In our analysis we keep sweep steady so our power remains the equivalent, and as we expanded mass on each trail we see our speed continues diminishing bit by bit.

Everything You Need to Know About Putting in Two Weeks Notice

Everything You Need to Know About Putting in Two Weeks Notice Finding a new job in a different company can be a joyful experience but you must deal with the current issue at hand â€" putting out your two weeks’ notice and notifying your boss. The most hardcore of professionals can have sleepless nights just thinking about what to inform their boss and how they might handle the news.At the core of it, it’s important not to hurt any feelings on your way out and to keep a favorable understanding with your peers. After all, you’ve worked for a longtime and built your trust over the years. There are a few options to consider ensuring you leave your office on a good note without burning down any bridges. MAKE UP YOUR MIND ABOUT QUITTING BEFORE YOU EXECUTE THE PLANEnsure you’re completely positive about quitting the companyHave you made up your mind or is this just a bad phase that may run its course?Take your time and analyze the situation and think of your future career prospects. Leaving a job isn’t as simple as it sounds, there’s no way back once you are out the door. If you’ve managed to step on the toes of your seniors or you are unable to handle the responsibilities handed down to you, come clean about it to your boss.If there is an ugly altercation between you and a fellow colleague, it’s time to face them and solve your outstanding issues. You could also notify your boss and request for a change in the department.If you’re a valuable employee to the company, your boss will surely set process your transfer and this should solve your ongoing crisis without having to resign.Consider Sorting Outstanding Issues Before You Make Your Exit MoveTalking one-on-one with your boss about what’s bothering you can sort out the issues and would work out better for you and the company. If you feel you haven’t been paid your dues or you deserve more for the work you do, politely request for a raise.If you’ve received a grand job offer from a company, you can present the offer letter to your boss and discuss a possible increment in your annual CTC.Your boss will most likely need to consult his seniors or need some time to think it over. Give it a day or two before you request a follow up on your discussion.Chances are you receive your raise and get to stay in your office space without needing to move. Communication is key in a professional environment to ensure everyone remains happy.However, if your boss refuses to budge and you find yourself stranded between long working hours and piled up responsibilities, it may be time to hand over your two-weeks’ notice and jump ship. There’s a fine line between handling stress and mentally straining yourself t o come to work every day.Received a better paycheck and a higher position in a new company? Here’s what to considerIf the hiring company has sent you a congratulatory mail stating the job is yours, ensure its signed and sealed. Also, be sure by inquiring with the hiring company if you’ve indeed got the job or have been shortlisted. Many employees make the mistake of jumping the gun too early and offering their two weeks’ notice just by being shortlisted. This can backfire and if you don’t get selected in the initiation process, you end up jobless.Always keep yourself open to counter offers and don’t be in a hasty decision to make your final choice. Take a few days to give your reply to the hiring company, in the meantime, it’s necessary to compare the offer and responsibilities with your current one. Ensure you aren’t moving to a company that makes you a workhorse with a slight increment that you might come to regret.The paycheck might be great to look at but it’s re ally the job description that should peek your interest. Read the offer letter more than twice and inquire every minor detail you feel the need to. Signing the contract is sealing the deal and there is no way back to your old company and position.Once you’ve made your mind and are set on moving to the new company. It’s time to prepare your exit letter.SETUP A MEETING WITH YOUR BOSS AND PREPARE YOUR EXIT DIALOGUECreate a checklist to talk about before you approach your bossThere’s nothing more embarrassing than scheduling a meeting with your boss and becoming a nervous wreck when you try to explain the situation. By creating a checklist, save yourself from these dumb founded situations and confidently explain the reason for leaving the company.The checklist should cover important points on your resignation and why you feel that moving out of the company is in your best interests. Being polite can win you recommendation points and if you’re hiring employer chooses to do a back ground check on you, rest assured, you have that aspect covered with your charming personality.Write down the dialogue you are willing to discuss with your boss if there is any outstanding payment owed to you, now’s the time to talk about it. Ensure you speak your mind out in one final meeting, don’t reschedule your exit interview unless you’ve been offered another offer by your current company.By speaking your heart out, you can feel relieved that the toughest task of your two weeks’ notice is complete.Evan Carmichael provides quick tips on how to approach your boss about quitting in this video guide. Keep the conversational strictly professional and politeWhile emotions can run wild during the two-week phase, it’s important to maintain your stature and keep things simple and quiet. Things might start to change during the two weeks of your serving period, you might receive warm greetings from your colleagues or rude gestures from jealous coworkers. Endure it without react ing, after all, it’s just two weeks of work.It’s important to never be rude to your boss even after you’ve secured a high-profile job at a new company. He might be the devil running the show, but it doesn’t give you the right to negatively attack your boss on the day of posting your notice. You still have the notice period to serve and he still holds the power to offer a recommendation letter describing your finer qualities.In the long run, the recommendation letter can play an important role in shaping your career. A single angry outburst from your side can permanently scar your career prospects and you might end up regretting your reaction for the rest of your professional journey.Should you tell your boss if you’re going to work for a competitor?Going to work for a rival company can always put you in a villainous position and may causea legal dispute to arise if you aren’t careful. Before you prepare to break the news to your boss, it’s a good idea to get a second o pinion from a legal practitioner as to know your rights. You don’t want to be on your management’s toes, hence your legal counselor can explain if there are things you should do before you exit.After you’ve let your boss know of your exit plan, you will most likely be asked to leave the office and will be escorted out of the company by security. It’s important to get your affairs in order and plan your exit interview before handing over the notice. Don’t expect a warm farewell gesture from your colleagues either.It’s important to consider your company’s confidentiality and never leak out information. This can cause your entire professional career to come to a screeching halt, once you’ve entered a legal lawsuit.CREATING YOUR RESIGNATION LETTERYou will need to write a formal resignation letter for their records and to receive your recommendation letter. The resignation letter is an important piece of paper that contains information that proves you’ve decided to quit the company on your behalf. Refrain from the passive aggressive style of writing. Simply state your reason for leaving, and when your last day of work will be.Depending on your company’s policy, you will be asked to serve a two-week period to finish up your pending work and to conduct a transition process. The resignation letter should strictly be professional, short, and positive. Anything else deserves to be thrown into the bin.Here’s a sample resignation letter with all the important details to include.[Your Name] [Contact Address] [Contact Information] [Email] [Date]  [Company Name] [Title] [Company Address] [Company Contact Information]  Dear [Boss Name],Effective two weeks from today, I will be announcing my resignation from my post in the company. Regrettably, I was forced to take the decision for the growth and development of my career. It wasn’t an easy decision to make and I’ve enjoyed working for the past [Duration of Work] with a collaborative and successful tea m.I sincerely, thank you for providing me with the opportunity and wish the company the very best in its future endeavors. I’ll be more than happy to help during the transition phase, please feel free to ask any favor of me.Sincerely,[Your Signature] [Your Name]THINGS TO CONSIDER DURING YOUR TWO-WEEK NOTICEComplete all your work commitments and leave no stone unturnedIt’s considered good work ethics to ensure all your pending work and projects have been completed before you leave the company. Create a checklist of things before you hand over your resignation letter. This gives you a head start to complete any long projects that might get in your way when leaving.If you are in possession of any access cards or documents that are valuable to the company, file them properly and hand it over to your boss. If you’ve received an office phone from the company, back up the files and format the phone for the next employee that is ready to take your position. The backed-up files can be handed over to your boss for any important information it might contain.Another important aspect is to maintain a clean desk on the last day of your work. To make things convenient, you can begin cleaning your desk from the last week ensuring you don’t have a lot of things to carry on your way out on the last day.Once your boss reshuffles your workflow, you can help with the transition process to ensure your boss has nothing but good words to say about you. Better yet, create a transfer strategy on paper and hand it to your boss, he could pass it to the newcomer filling your role. The new employee would be grateful for your help and would likely ensure your company’s operations aren’t stalled post your absence.Here’s a video with the famous Dave Ramsey providing valuable advice to a caller on how to handle the two-week period. Meet your Mentors and Colleagues and Break the NewsDuring your time with the company, you’ve made a lot of valuable acquaintances that have helped y ou achieve your goals through the years. It’s in your best interests to deliver the news to your mentors and colleagues in person. They are bound to feel happy for your career move and will even have useful advice to offer you that can surely help you in your new job.Consider collecting their contact information to develop your professional space further. You never know when you might need to advertise a product or service in the future. Your old contacts and colleagues can be invaluable in trying to endorse and promote any service that you may have to sell.Apart from professional acquaintances, you’ll also gain several friends that will continue to be a part of your life. If someone has made you feel extra special in the office, you should write a special personalized note detailing their experiences. This small gesture demonstrates how valuable you consider their actions to be and that you haven’t forgotten them.Remain available for your coworkers even post your departure, y ou can build rapport and increase your network by maintaining a positive relationship with them. If there is someone on the lookout for a job, help them by referring them to your network. Helping others can surely build your reputation and your colleagues will repay your helpfulness in kind.Leave on a Positive NoteCoincidences are a part and parcel of life, always expect to cross paths with your coworkers in the future. Plan your exit with a positive mindset, even if there are outstanding issues between a colleague and you, be the better person and extend your hand in friendship.Take note that it’s better to leave your company with more friends than enemies. You never know when that person can take a jab at your reputation on social media to cause a scene.If you can’t bring yourself to make peace with them, remain silent, and never say a word. A single controversy is enough to stir up the workplace and you may end up being targeted at the end of your notice period. Let your work speak on your behalf, silence is the best option to counter aggressive individuals.On your last day, don’t forget to hand over any office equipment you might be in possession of. All access cards, documents, visiting cards, and the office phone are to be given to your HR team.Also, ensure all your employee benefits are collected. Finally, say a warm goodbye and give the brightest smile of your professional career.That’s it! Congratulations for making it this far. It’s time to look forward to an exciting new career at your new job.FINAL THOUGHTSThe two-week period is your chance to redeem yourself with your company, prove yourself during these two weeks and receive the gratitude of your company. Don’t neglect the chance to help someone with their work, clear all your pending work. The employee taking your place won’t like to be handed work that you didn’t complete.As a token of appreciation, it’s a good idea to send all your family and friends a letter of gratitude for the years of support. Take things one step at a time, enjoy the new environment but also recall your mistakes and learn to never repeat them. A positive mind can’t be defeated, by exiting the company on a positive note, you give yourself a clean slate to begin work in the new company.

Critical perspectives on Management - 3025 Words

Critical perspectives on Management (Essay Sample) Content: CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES ON MANAGEMENT: GROUPTHINKNameProfessorCourseStateUniversityDateIntroductionGroupthink is a psychological occurrence that happens within a group of individuals. People engage in groupthink when they are involved in an organized faction in which the members harmony outweighs their motivation to evaluate alternative developments of action. Incorrect decision-making strategies and results generate the desire for harmony or conformity in the group. As a result, group members try to reduce conflict and reach a negotiable decision without critical assessment of alternative ideas. Group's allegiance requires people to stop raising contentious issues or alternative resolutions and there is the loss of individual inspiration, uniqueness and freethinking. This means that people are always creative when they enjoy privacy and liberty from disruption. The space shuttle challenger disaster happened when NASAs rocket broke apart before its flight. This led to t he death of seven crewmembers because the spacecraft collapsed over the Atlantic Ocean (Janis, 1972, p. 13). Groupthink was instrumental in the Challenger space shuttle because the managers decisions ignored the engineers recommendations and no one was able to ensure that the choices made were safe. There should have been other systems at work to question that decision and ensure that it was the correct choice. Janiss theory about groupthinkAccording to Janis (1982, p. 197), groupthink is the decline in mental competence, reality testing and moral decisions that emerge because of group pressures. He suggests that the principle of groupthink lies in the team spirit among the members of a policy-making in-group. This result in illogical and dehumanizing actions directed against out-groups. Janis assumed that groupthink occurred in unified groups, isolated from conflicting views and ruled by directive manager who makes personal decisions identified (Romzek Dubnick, 2007, p. 227-238). The negative outcome of such tendencies is that the group limits its deliberation to only a few options. Similarly, the solutions previously preferred by most members are not reviewed to seek out less clear drawbacks. The others because the group fails to reconsider those options initially not support this and expert opinion, not sought (Janis, 1972, p. 205). It is also apparent that the group is highly selective in collecting available information that it does not consider possibility procedures. Janis also states that groupthink causes members to strive for a quick and painless unanimity on the issues that the group has to tackle (Whyte, 2005, p. 185-209). This implies that group member suppress personal doubts, silence dissenters and follow the leaders suggestions. The results are devastating because it contributes to a distorted view of reality and excessive optimism that produces hasty and irresponsible policies. The combination of these deficiencies makes these groups vulnerab le to initiate or sustain projects that turn out to be policy fiascos (Hughes White, 2010, p. 63-70). Considering this, the decision to launch the Challenger consisted of a series of negotiations in the top management organ (Janis, 1982, p. 65). A report released by the organization states that the contractor responsible for building the rocket booster had opposed the launching of the space shuttle. Conversely, their management did not heed that warning. It was evident that while the O-ring failure was the direct cause of the problem, a defective executive process was an equal feature. For instance, the organization failed to use a well-structured system that emphasized safety concerning the rising doubts of the Rocket Booster joint seal. The decision-making was only conducted at the top management, ignoring other departments that had significant information (Hughes White, 2010, p. 63-70). The engineers had warned of challenges in launching the rocket, but the management insisted despite the cautions. The problem started with decisions made in the design of the joint and in the failure by both Thiokol and NASAs solid booster plan office to recognize and respond to the evidences available during testing. Upon receiving reports from the concerned engineers, several conferences were held to discuss the problem. The decision to proceed with the launch was taken despite the group detecting symptoms of groupthink (Janis, 1982, p. 73). Their aim was to meet the deadline of launching the rocket, which ended up being a disastrous fault. They also suffered from resistance, feelings that rendered NASA an insecure organization. They were also unsuccessful to examine the threats of their judgment since they played it off as nothing significant. Another aspect that had suppressed the few engineers who were against the mission and warned the management was that the attention was on NASA immediately launch space shuttle (Hart, 2004, p. 15). Similarly, Congress was seeking to reserve maximum funding to NASA because of the wide publicity on the Teacher in Space program (Janis, 1982, p. 80). These errors led to the disastrous loss of several spacemen, and a bad black mark on NASAs near faultless security record.Other scholars like Fredrick Taylor developed scientific theories that determine the working relations in organizations. In his theory, Taylor wanted to establish ways that workers could be protected in their workstations. The study suggests that hard work is not enough to increase workers productivity (Nelson Taylor, 2000, p. 45). As a result, Taylor introduced simplification and specialization of duties in order to improve the output of each individual. It was also vital to standardize chores and work for cooperation between managers and workers. The concept of incentive was also not a motivating aspect without mutual relationships between individuals in organizations. The scholar turned to scientific approaches to design a comprehensive form ula where workers could operate without the financial incentive, and still increase their productivity (Nelson Taylor, 2000, p. 53). The design involved the introduction of common sense, specialization of workers and allocation of work between workers. The results indicated that the scientific method was effective in boosting the confidence and morale of individuals while at the workstations. Another aspect was the collective responsibility of teamwork and the formation of social groups. The workers feel better when operating under social settings than working under strict formal directives. Management decisions should not ignore the relevance of social groups and their participation in policymaking procedures (Wrege Greenwood, 1991, p. 103). The theory emphasizes on motivation through equal representation and participation of workers in the administration of affairs. The scientific approach in organizational management facilitates efficiency and productivity among employees who f eel recognized in social groups. Janis Symptoms of groupthinkJanis established symptoms that indicated the presence of groupthink. The symptoms included, illusion of invulnerability, which forms excessive optimism that promotes taking extreme risks. This symptom enables the management to undertake risky initiatives that can generate high returns. The impression is that decisions should aim at improving the performance of a business if it exposes risks that other firms are afraid to execute. Collective reasoning is another symptom in which members allow notices and do not review their assumptions. The symptom allows views from members and their consequences, but ignores the assumption that might emerge. It is closed-minded because the cautions are meant to challenge the groups assumptions to avoid future errors (Janis, 1972, p. 77).Belief in natural standards symptom is where members believe in the suitability of their cause and disregard the principled or moral concerns of their de cisions. This implies that a persons specialty or profession determines the decisions made by others. It is essential for decision makers to ensure that their roles do not jeopardize the operations of the firm. It is good to have confidence in ones work, but workers should also consider the morality of their decisions (Janis, 1972, p. 78).It is also common that groupthink is indicated by stereotyped opinions of out-groups. This represents the negative views of other people considered enemies of development. The negative views of this group make effective reactions to conflict with the ideas of the leaders. This is instrumental because it introduces new ideas from divergent areas (Janis, 1972, p. 80).Similarly, direct pressure on insurgents emerges when members are under tension not to convey arguments against any of the groups views. During groupthink, members believe that their ideas are always correct and other rivals are under pressure not to dispute the decisions. This affects t he credibility of the decisions because others are not allowed to air contrary opinions that may reveal discrepancies (Sims Sauser, 2013, p. 75-90). For instance, the NASA managers ignored the warning of the Thiokol engineers because they exerted the deadline pressures on the workers. This is attributed to self-censorship where fears and deviations from the perceived group (engineers) consensus were not expressed (Janis, 1982, p. 120). The management believed that the engineers wanted to sabotage the project by postponing the launching date despite the deadline date. Another significant symptom of groupthink is the illusion of unison where the majority views are assumed unanimous. Decisions made comprise of the majority opinions forwarded by most workers. It appears that the few divergent views of others do not add value...

Information Literacy and Leadership Essay - 1923 Words

Proposed Topic The purpose research is to outline the importance of information literacy and recommendations for the future. Specifically, it argues for the importance of Information Literacy to individuals, business, and citizenship. It suggests opportunities to develop information literacy which addresses the information age in school. Information Literacy and Leadership Information literacy in individuals lives has traditionally valued quality of life and the pursuit of happiness; however, these goals are increasingly difficult to achieve because of the complexities of life in todays information and technology dependent society. The cultural and educational opportunities available in an average community, for example, are†¦show more content†¦It provides them with the ability to build their own arguments and to experience the excitement of the search for knowledge. It not only prepares them for lifelong learning; but, by experiencing the excitement of their own successful quests for knowledge, it also creates in young people the motivation for pursuing learning throughout their lives. For example, businesses and individuals need to have opportunities to have up-to-date technology. Lupton (2007) describes the main reasons for the rise and importance of information literacy which include: The increasingly widespread introduction of student-centered inquiry-based pedagogies, the explosion of information available to teachers and students and the move to electronic sources of information †¦ [and] the identification of information literacy as a generic skill and graduate attribute (p. 400). The findings of the present study indicate that information literacy incorporates both generic and situated aspects; that is, those aspects that are universal, and those that are contextual. When the present study is compared with previous studies, it might be concluded that varying treatment of evidence and argument could be considered as generic, as these aspects were present in the other studies. â€Å"The study is designed for teachers, students, and librarians, academic skills advisers and academic developers in higher education† (Lupton, par 1, 2001). However, the findings of the presentShow MoreRelatedInformation Literacy and Scholarship, Practice, and Leadership in It Management1337 Words   |  6 PagesInformation Literacy and Scholarship, Practice, and Leadership in IT Management R. Dannels University of Phoenix IT (Information Technology) management entails all the routine issues faced by any type of business manager in addition to the issues of software development, technology purchasing (not necessarily physical items), systems integration, the limits of technology and the related budgetary issues. 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Unfortunately, as the Internet expands to meet the demand for easy accessible information, people are abandoning the literacy component by not seeking to understand the importance of reliable information to the learning process itself. The objective of this paper is to explore how the scholar, practitioner, leader model is influenced by information literacy, examine the responsibilityRead MoreScholarship, Practice, and Leadership Essay examples708 Words   |  3 PagesHow Does Information Literacy Influence Scholarship, Practice, and Leadership in Education In today’s society, a wealth of information is available at all times literally with just the touch of a button. To some, this ease of convenience is a blessing. For those who do not use proper discretion, the convenience is a curse. Due to the abundance of information located on the World Wide Web, students can pick and choose information at their leisure, without ever thinking about whether it isRead MoreCom 705 Spl Final Essay862 Words   |  4 PagesThe Influence of Information Literacy on Scholarship, Practice, and Leadership in the Clinical Environment University of Phoenix The Influence of Information Literacy on Scholarship, Practice, and Leadership in the Clinical Environment Information Literacy is a crucial portion of the scholarship, practice, and leadership model. Information Literacy that is utilized in a clinical setting by Physicians, Physician Assistants, and Nursing staff help to determine the type of care that is providedRead MoreThe Role Of Servant Leadership And Positive Organizational Climate Essay1541 Words   |  7 Pages and increase the likelihood of becoming servants themselves (Spears Lawrence, 2004). Studies have shown a relationship between implementing principles of servant leadership and positive organizational climate (Ehrhart, 2004; Hunt, 2002; McCowan, 2004). In Good to Great, Jim Collins (2001) describes the highest level of leadership as a Level 5 leader, who is a servant leader. Collins also contends the companies that evolved from good to great had Level 5 leaders and that the transformational powerRead MoreEssay on Leadership Vision1194 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership Vision Chamberlain College of Nursing NR 504: Leadership Nursing Practice Summer Semester 2011 Leadership Vision What is an organization without a vision? The vision objective puts the organizations values and goals into simplified terms every member of the team can understand and share. The same holds true for our own personal goals and aspirations. We should develop our own personal vision statements to ensure

Hate Crimes Should Be Abolished - 714 Words

Hate crimes should be abolished to due to the fact that these types of crimes only occur when someone or their property is attacked by another for the sole reason of discrimination and hate and may not be limited to an individual’s race, racial group, and religion, sexual orientation, ethnicity or gender identity. Hate crimes come in many forms such as images that depict hate, hate speech and the threat of physical harm. Sometimes crimes of hate occur because of a perceived threat of one group of people based on the actions of others. Other times they occur simply because a person doesn’t like a certain person or racial group. There are organizations that even encourage hate and discrimination. A hate crime occurs when a person intentionally selects a victim because of their race, skin color, religion, national origin, ethnicity, gender or sexual orientation. Hate crimes can be committed by any individual regardless of their background, race or social class. The term hate crime is meant to differentiate criminal behavior that is caused by prejudice from behavior that is motivated by greed jealously, anger, politics and like. Hate groups differ from one another in terms of membership, ideology and activities but do share one thing in common; they direct violence towards and against groups of people they do not understand. Most people committing hate crimes feel they are just doing what they believe to be right not knowing what they are doing is wrong. Hate crimes have beenShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at the Death Penalty918 Words   |  4 Pagesworld developing, we got stuck in a problem, that whether we should abolish the death penalty. We have many arguments about the de ath penalty at present. There are more than 140 countries abolished it. Also the 58 nations with 65 percent population still used it, like China, America, Japan. 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Since the death penalty wastes tax money, is inhumane, and is largely unnecessary it should be abolished in every state across the United States. The use of the death pe nalty puts the United States in the same category as countries like Iran and Saudi Arabia which are two of the world’s worst human rights violators (Friedman 34). Lauri FriedmanRead MoreEssay on Racial Profiling by Police1228 Words   |  5 Pagesracial distribution of inmates in the U.S. is highly negative for black Americans. Whereas they only make up 12% of the total U.S. population, they represent more than 40% of inmates† Black Americans are one of the many races that are accused of many crimes that they are innocent of and being imprisoned for them. Addy Bareiss, a five-year volunteer and worker at the ACLU of Arizona affirmed, â€Å"A 2008 report by the ACLU of Louisiana found that people of color were arrested at higher rates than their representationRead MoreWhat Makes Russia so Homophobic?1756 Words   |  7 Pagesways but it almost always results in harm to LGBT people. Homophobia has become a huge issue in Russia and in 2013 there were 25 hate crimes 2 of which resulted in murder (Spotlight on Russian Homophobia on Eve of Sochi Olympics). Homophobia in Russia has become so extreme that LGBT people can no longer feel safe in their own country. In Russia LGBT people face hate crimes and unjust laws. This has been going on for a long time but the problem has become much mere severe in the last 20 years. The intenseRead MoreEssay about Public Safety vs. Civil Rights1628 Words   |  7 Pagessafety, but the same people lobby for law enforcement agencies to work harder to protect our citizens from domestic terrorism and other criminal acts. The two principles cannot go hand in hand, and public safety is far more important. Almost every crime and domestic terrorist act that has succeeded could have been prevented by authorities. Civil rights restrict law enforcement agencies from operating in an ideal manner. With tighter restrictions, certain people and certain actions do not slip by governmentRead MoreThe Southern Poverty Law Center : Group Analysis741 Words   |  3 Pagesthe long run. There was a lot of essential information in the â€Å"Hate and Extremism† section. The SPLC regulates hate groups and other revolutionist such as the KKK, neo-Nazi movement, white nationalists and antigovernment militias throughout the U.S. They would reveal these individuals actions to the media, general public and the law execution. Every year there is the yearly census report that gets put out to everyone about the U.S. hate groups. Also since the 1990s, there has been recordings of theRead MoreEssay about Banning the Death Penalty531 Words   |  3 Pagesthe fact that the victim is gone, and will never come back. Hate and revenge will never cure the fact that this person is gone; it won’t cure the emptiness of a lost love one. Forgiveness is the only way to cure the hate. Letting them rot in prison should be the best way to get back at them, murder doesn’t solve anything. It sends out the wrong message: Why kill people who kill people to show that killing is wrong? The government should be called murderers also since they are killing someone becauseRead MoreEssay on Government in Education782 Words   |  4 PagesGovernment in Education Government in education has always been a disputable topic. The Republican Party believes that the role of federal government must be limited. Teachers, parents, and school boards should have most of the control over schools. The party is in favor of home schooling and calls for enforcement of laws that would protect the family’s privacy to do so. As college tuition continues to rise, Republicans want to increase the access to these universities with savings accounts.

Bitcoin the Cryptocurrency - 909 Words

Bitcoin the Cryptocurrency: Stimulating Global Economic Growth Bitcoin is a technologically innovative solution for some common economic issues as well as fraud and identify theft. This cryptographic digital currency simultaneously provides users a method to exchange money for free or a nominal fee which is mutually beneficial for retailers and consumers. Bitcoin digital currency is similar to physical cash stored in a digital form. It is the first fully implemented cryptocurrency protocol utilizing an open source peer-to-peer payment system. As a transfer protocol, it fundamentally functions as a money transfer medium that sends bitcoins from user to user without the need of a third-party intermediary and the system is protected by peer-reviewed cryptographic algorithms. The value of one bitcoin is based on supply and demand by people willing to use and accept this payment. The price of bitcoins went from approximately 1,000 bitcoins for $1.00 USD. The price is currently around $450 for one bitcoin but continues to fluctuate and is expected to continue rising. To simplify transactions, there is a mobile app for smartphones that allow you to send/receive funds by scanning the buyer’s unique QR code. These purchases have proven to be cost-effective for both the retailer and the consumer. Rapid deflation when caused by technological progress can create positive and significant economic growth. Typically retailers are charged a 2-3% processing fee imposed by credit cardShow MoreRelatedBitcoin the Cryptocurrency: Stimulating Global Economic Growth1742 Words   |  7 PagesBitcoin the Cryptocurrency: Stimulating Global Economic Growth Bitcoin is a form of digital currency that is similar to physical cash stored in a digital form. It is the first fully implemented cryptocurrency protocol utilizing an open source peer-to-peer payment system. 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Cryptocurrency is a digital currency that uses cryptography for security purposes to make it hard for unscrupulous people to counterfeit. It is considered as fiat currency where its value is dependent upon its acceptance as medium of exchange. Cryptocurrency is neither owned nor tied down to any country or can be affected by inflation and Central Bank policies. The transfer of currency from one person to another is done through public and private keys. Like Bitcoins, itsRead MoreCbay Essay1110 Words   |  5 Pagesexperienced investors. Choose from multiple cryptocurrency pairs and make the most of your profit-making opportunities. BitBay – BitBay provides exchange services to users around the globe. The platform is home to innovative solutions for cryptocurrency traders. It hosts various cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin, Litecoin, Ether, and Lisk. In addition, BitBay also has a great affiliate program you can use to add more to your profits. BTCe – Buy and sell bitcoins on BTCe. If you want to trade variousRead MoreVirtual Currency : A Political And Economic Spheres1688 Words   |  7 Pagesits contribution to illegal digital activity. Virtual currency, or cryptocurrency, was introduced as a widespread issue in the last five years through bitcoin, the most prevalent form of cryptocurrency used to date (Craig, Murphy, and Seitzinger). Bitcoin is notorious for the exploitation of its secure, untraceable transaction process used in illicit business. Federal agencies and several states are questioning the use of bitcoin as a legitimate form of currency because of this connection to internet-relatedRead MoreBitcoin s Impact On The World1262 Words   |  6 PagesSince Bitcoin s arrival online in 2009 cryptocurrencies have become immensely popular throughout the world. This paper will examine how the various cryptocurrencies come into being and how their creators utilize them for their businesses. 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Cryptocurrency is a digital asset that serves as a medium of exchange with no central authority and was created to prevent the issue of double spending. This problem is solved with the use of blockchains where miners confirm transactions on a public ledger. As of today, there are over 1,000 different types of cryptocurrencies, and at least 600 of these have listed market caps of over $100,000. Bitcoin, Ethereum and Litecoin are top cryptocurrencies tradingRead MoreReasons For Bitcoins978 Words   |  4 PagesYou Should Invest in Bitcoins Today Lately, there has been a lot of talk on whether buying bitcoins is a good investment choice or whether it’s a bubble waiting to burst. The truth is that cryptocurrencies are here to stay. With every media outlet and investor talking about bitcoins, will bitcoins turn out to be a blessing or a curse? The article discusses 7 reasons why bitcoins are set to grow in 2018 and why you should invest in them. 2017 was a very good year for bitcoins. They rose in valueRead MoreBitcoin Was A Hoax?880 Words   |  4 PagesIn December 2013, after a series of governments’ legislation was passed, the price of Bitcoin crashed. While many hoped for a revival, the prices continued to plummet until they reached low of $200. In one short year, the price had fallen to one-sixth of its previous high (â€Å"Complete Bitcoin’s Price Chart†). This fall proved what many thought; Bitcoin was a hoax. One of the greatest downfalls of cryptocurrency is due to its lack of governing power. It is important to note that this creates inherent

Arthur Millers Portrayal of Willy in Death of a...

The play opens with a description of the house. Which shows the house and Willy starting of as a failure, he fails by cheating on his wife and not respecting his friends. â€Å"Towering angular shapes behind it, surrounding it on all sides† This shows at the beginning that Willy is going to be a failure as his house is old and is small compared to the others and they all lean over the old crooked building making it look small worthless and untidy. Which shows he has no money to buy a big house that leans over the others, and as a salesman you would have thought that he would have had a lot of money as he is a working salesman. This creates a affect that he is a worthless salesman who earns no money Arthur Miller uses the fact of him†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"She is taking off his shoe† Linda says this which Miller uses to create an effect about how she does things for Willy and he doesn’t respect it, which shows the audience he has lied and cheated on her which makes him cheating on her worse as she looks after him and thinks the world of him when not many people do, Willy doesn’t show he cares or has any affection for Linda who cares for him more than anything in the world. Willy cheats on his wife and begins to feel guilty for what he has done. Willy cheats on his wife and he gives the person he cheated on her with new stockings and we see his wife fixing her old stockings. â€Å"The stockings† â€Å"will you stop mending stockings† He begins to feel sorry for her and begins to feel guilty for what he has been doing this shows that he has also failed as a husband. Willy failed as a father as he made biff give back a ball that he has stolen then later on makes him steal from a building site. â€Å"I want you to return that† This shows that he is a good farther by telling him to take it back but then later on he says â€Å"Boys go right over †¦and go get some sand† This is telling him to steal some sand from the building site. which makes the audience ask is he a good farther for telling him to give back ball that has been stolen of risk them getting locked up for some sand that he wants. This shows that altogether heShow MoreRelatedEssay about Marxism and the Fall of Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman2986 Words   |  12 PagesUnited States endured internal battles in political ideologies between capitalists and Marxists, which is the focus of Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman. According to Helge Normann Nilsen, author of â€Å"From Honors At Dawn to Death of a Salesman: Marxism and the Early Plays of Arthur Miller,† the Great Depression had a profound impact in forming the political identity of Arthur Miller: â€Å"The Great Depression created in him a lasting and traumatic impression of the devastating power of economicRead MoreWilly Loman: the Tragic Hero Essay1462 Words   |  6 PagesArthur Miller made the comment that a tragic hero â€Å"has the inherent unwillingness to remain passive in the face of what he conceives to be a challenge to his dignity.† Nowhere is this more evident than in Miller’s play Death of a Salesman, where salesman Willy Loman desperately struggles to regain a sense of dignity after experiencing a number of setbacks in his life. Despite not being able to provide for his family, Willy Loman continues the futile struggle to earn a living, which shows the despairRead More Portrayal of Women in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Essay1679 Words   |  7 PagesPortrayal of Women in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Although Death of a Salesman is mainly about a salesman named Willy Loman, the almost hidden presence of the women in the novel goes all too often unnoticed.   Linda Loman seems to be the glue that holds the Loman clan together, as Willy, Biff, and Happy are all deluded in one way or another.   Arthur Miller depicts Willys wife in a very specific way, and this is a very crucial part of the story.   He depicts the other women in the storyRead MoreThe Illusion of the ‚Äà ºAmerican Dream‚Äà ¹1408 Words   |  6 Pagescauses significant variation to the interpretation of this term from person-to-person. An example of these discrepancies is depicted in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman. In this play, Miller uses several different characters as a function to illustrate the widespread disparity of beliefs regarding the appropriate philosophy for the pursuit of happiness in America. Willy Loman (the central character in the play) is used to represent a h ighly capitalistic society. On the other hand, Willy’s son (Biff)Read More Women in Tennessee Williams A Streetcar Named Desire and Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman956 Words   |  4 PagesWomen in Tennessee Williams A Streetcar Named Desire and Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman The part of Stella and Linda are both archetypal female figures in that they follow the typical fictional role of the submissive wife and mother. In A Streetcar Named Desire, Stella DuBois (renamed Mrs. Stanley Kowalski) supports and forgives her husband, defending him against any criticism. Likewise, in Death of a Salesman, Linda - the only female character with any import - is a meek, timid figureRead MoreDeath of a Salesman - Materialism Alienation1696 Words   |  7 PagesModern Tragedies deal with modern issues such as materialism, consumerism, procrastination and alienation. To what extent does Death of a Salesman show evidence of at least two of these issues, and how does Miller present them? Arthur Miller’s ‘Death of a Salesman’ is a modern tragedy; one that incorporates both the tragic genre presented in theatres for centuries as well as essences of the modern world we live in. Materialism is a modern phenomenon, something which possibly began due to the AmericanRead More Death of a Modernist Salesman Essay3513 Words   |  15 PagesDeath of a Modernist Salesman      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The modernist movement in writing was characterized by a lack of faith in the traditional ways of explaining life and its meaning.   Religion, nationalism, and family were no longer seen as being infallible.   For the modernist writers, a sense of security could no longer be found.   They could not find any meaning or order in the old ways.   Despair was a common reaction for them.   The dilemma they ran into was what to do with this knowledge.   Poet Robert FrostRead MoreWillys Tragic Flaw and the Effect it Has Upon his Sons in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller1510 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Effect it Has Upon his Sons in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller Willys Tragic Flaw and the Effect it Has Upon his Sons Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller concerns itself with the fall of a simple man perpetually in a steadfast state regarding his own failure in a success-driven society. The protagonist of the play, Willy Loman, will follow a tragic trajectory that will eventually lead to his suicide. Arthur Millers tragic play is an accurate portrayal of the typical American myth thatRead MoreQuest For Literary Form : The Greeks Believed That The Tragedy1742 Words   |  7 PagesAristotle stated that in the play, the song and display must blend with the theme created. (Kennedy Gioia, Pp. 1205) Arthur Miller s Tragedy of the Common Man In the modern times, several aspects of classical tragedy presented by Aristotle were questioned, and many dramatists rebelled this Aristotelian concept of tragedy. Among these dramatists was Arthur Miller, who advocates the modern concept of tragedy. (Miller, Pp. 1831) In his essay, â€Å"TragedyRead MoreCompare/Contrast Willy Loman (Death of a Salesman) and Walter Lee Younger (a Raisin in the Sun)2823 Words   |  12 PagesYounger and Willy Loman are prime examples of this, both pinning their hopes on unattainable dreams to hide the feelings of failure. The theme of illusion versus reality is present in both Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun and Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman through the portrayal of main characters Walter and Willy in their struggles for happiness and prosperity. Although the two characters have similar dreams, Walter, a dynamic character, breaks through the fantasy while Willy, a static

5 Ways To Make Money This Summer Free Essays

It never hurts to have some spare cash – especially if you are a student. With the cost of eating, drinking, studying and general ‘living’ alongside your expensive course fees, finances can sometimes be tough for students. For many, the summer is a great opportunity to use their spare time to earn some extra cash. We will write a custom essay sample on 5 Ways To Make Money This Summer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Here are 5 of the best ways you can make some money this summer! Get a part time job The most obvious way to make money this summer is to get a part-time or temporary job and clock up some full time hours while there are no classes. This could mean working in a local bar, restaurant, super market, cinema or gym – lots of places offer flexible working hours to students who are looking to make some money with their free time. Having a part-time job is a great way to learn new skills, meet new people – and looks great on your CV as well. Share Your Skills Are you a talented painter or musicianDo you know how to build websites, speak another language or calculate complicated mathematical equationsIf you think that you might have a talent that other people would want to learn, then you can sell your time to help coach or teach those people. Teaching others an important skill is something that looks great on a CV. Sell your old course books Course books are expensive – but you can make back some of the money you spent on buying your text books at the beginning of the year by selling them back! Next year’s students are likely to require the same course books, and if yours are still up-to-date, will be happy to pay less to have a 2nd hand copy. Many book shops buy-back course books from students. Don’t hang onto your old phone! Most of us get new phones several times a year, and just end up throwing the old ones into the back of a drawer, never to see the light of day again! However, websites like www.mazumamobile.com and www.envirofone.com can pay up to ?200 or more for your old phone! Sell Unused Stuff! We’re all guilty of holding onto things when we no longer need them. Whether it be clothes, electronic devices, even musical instruments or sports equipment – but don’t leave those things to collect dust in your attic or cupboards, websites like www.ebay.co.uk and www.gumtree.com are great places to sell your stuff and make some money from items you no longer use! How to cite 5 Ways To Make Money This Summer, Essay examples

Chocolates Products In the Brazilian Market †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Chocolates Products In the Brazilian Market. Answer: Introduction Background of the report is the export of high-end ranges of chocolates produced in Canada to be exported to Brazil. The Brazilians are chocolate-lovers and the middle class and affluent class of Brazilian society contribute to the 20% growth rate of premium chocolate market in Brazil in recent years. The presence of more than 3000 premium chocolate stores in Brazil is an added advantage of the export market. The aims and objectives of the report is to develop amarketing plan for export of the Canadian chocolate brand in Brazil. The report is written because without a proper market analysis andmarketing plan for export, the Canadian chocolate brand may not achieve business targets in the Brazilian market. The scope of the report includes different sections like Analysis of Export Market which include main economic figures of Brazil, The SWOT analysis, Evaluation of the business potential for the product in the export market .The next section analyzes if the comparative choice for the export country is right, the target markets based on segmentation variables and target sales are analyzed in the third section of analysis, the Marketing Plan is developed in the fourth section of analysis which includes 4Ps of Marketing, the 3 principles of marketing and are discussed at the end of analysis and 5 marketing activities for launch of products are provided. At the end conclusion and future recommendations are drafted (Bresler and Lubbe 2014). Analysis: Analysis of export market Main Economic Figures of Brazil As of 2016, population of Brazil is 207.7 million. The GDP of Brazil is 1.795 trillion USD as of 2016 and GDP per head is 8649.95 USD as of 2016 and the median age in Brazil is 31.6 years for male and 32.4 years for female (Della Lucia et al. 2016). SWOT Analysis Strength The chocolate is of premium quality The chocolate belongs to a developed country Canada and the brand image is reputed. The chocolate brand produces highly differentiated products, targets the niche segment of the Brazilian market who have high disposable income The chocolates range of Brazil has extensive product width and many varieties Weakness Demand forecasting and weak customer base in the Brazilian market can be a weakness for the high end chocolate range (Hollensen 2015). Opportunities in the Brazilian Market According to Brazilian Association of Chocolate industry, Brazilians love chocolates and 75 percent of the population are passionate lovers of chocolate while 35 percentage of the Brazilian population prefer to consume chocolates over food and drink. The consumption rate of chocolates during Valentines Day, Easter and Christmas and are respectively 11%, 23 % and 16%. The production of chocolates has decreased and the consumption rate of chocolates in Brazil has increased and thus the Brazilian government has decreased exports and increased importing of chocolates from other countries The high end chocolate range made in Canada can take leverage of these opportunities of the external market in Brazil (Laufs and Schwens 2014). Threats Brazilians tend to prefer chocolates made in the home country rather than exported chocolates The high-end chocolates of Canada can face competition from imported chocolates of Switzerland, Germany, Belgium and United States. Arcor, Ferrero. Hershey's and Mars and Garoto are some of the competitors. Evaluation of the business potential for the product in the export market Potential of the business market of the export market and evaluation of potential demand The demand for chocolate is more in Southern region of Brazil as this part is the coldest region of the country and chocolate is considered as a food type in Brazil. 2.5 kilograms of chocolate are consumed by per person in a year in Brazil. The chocolate demand is optimum throughout the year irrespective of the festive season and since demand surpasses production, import of Chocolates is favored by the government. Comparative Choice Based on the market analysis, Brazil is a very good choice of export market for the high end chocolate ranges produced in Canada. There is no need to change the export country because 1) There is growing demand of imported chocolates in Brazil as production of chocolates in the country cant meet the demand for chocolates 2) The premium chocolate market in Brazil is growing at 20% and customers are willing to pay premium price for chocolates (Della Lucia et al 2016). 3) The demand for chocolates in Brazil remains constant throughout the year irrespective of festive season. 4) Brazil is third largest market in the world for chocolates. Determination Of Targets Determination of commercial targets: Expected sales of the product- The product is expected to reach a sales target of BRL 1 billion by 2020(Weisbrot, Johnston and Lefebvre 2014). Target: segmentation of market and customers Geographic segmentation The market in Brazil can be segmented based on region like North and South. The climate of Southern Brazil is cold and thus the high-end Chocolate ranges produced in Canada can target this segment of population Demographic segmentation The high-end chocolate brand of Canada can target the population who are younger. The consumers of chocolates can be babies, teens, young adults and adults but the Canadian premium chocolate brand should target the middle and affluent class of the society who are willing to play premium price for high quality chocolate brands. Psychographic segmentation- The psychographic variable segments the Brazilian chocolate market on basis on values, lifestyles, social status and activities, interests and opinion. From this segmentation, the Canadian Chocolate brand can target the general population of Brazil who are chocolate lovers and adults with high disposable income who prefer premium quality. Behavioral segmentation In the Brazilian market for chocolates, the love for premium chocolate brands by Brazilians and the preference of Brazilians to buy chocolates from more than 3000 premium chocolate stores in the country, preference of chocolates over other food and drinks and increased rate of chocolate consumption during festive season can be used as behavioral segments (de Andrade Silva et al 2017). Target customers- From the market segmentation, the Canadian high-range chocolate brand will target the middle class and affluent class of the society of Brazil who can afford to pay premium price for good quality of chocolates. STRATEGY (of your marketing plan) The strategy to be implemented to launch the product To create customer value, the marketing mix (4 Ps) for the product is developed Product- The product will have different varieties like molded chocolates with which will have filled center with fruits, creams, liquors, chocolate truffles .The high-end chocolate ranges of Canada will have different product lines and product width. At least 35 % of cocoa should be present in the products and fats will be added in the products along with cocoa because of the climate of Brazil. The products that will be sold in premium chocolate shops which will run under the Canadian chocolate brand name will include handmade truffle, bonbons in different flavor, marshmallow and chocolate concoction, Hot cocoa drink made from thick melted chocolates and milk chocolates with biscuit products, wafers with peanut butter filling and dark chocolate with fruit filling Prepackaged options will be available and products of the high-end Canadian chocolate rage will also target the gift market in Brazil(Afoakwa 2016). Price- The product will be adopting premium pricing technique because the quality of the products will be of high range. The price range will be in between 150 Brazilian Real to 300 Brazilian Real depending on the quantity and type of the product. Place (distribution/channels)- The high range chocolates will follow selective distribution technique and will be available in the more than 3000 premium chocolate stores in the country. The high-end chocolate range from Canada can also tie-up with food giants of Brazil like Bauducco. The Canadian chocolate brand can also build stores in shopping malls of Brazil under own brand name like that of Kopenhagen and Cacau Show. The high-end chocolate range manufactured in Brazil can also be introduced in the market in Canada through online channels. The online store of the Canadian brand will have a collection of its premium chocolate ranges and easy payment options through mobile apps and company website will be available. Online products will be delivered in homes of Brazilian customers/ Promotion (communication / advertising / sales promotion) Both above the Line and below-the Line Promotional techniques will be adopted by the Canadian chocolate brand. Advertising in Televisions, radio channels, newspapers, magazines will enable the Canadian premium chocolate brand to target a wide range of Brazilian consumers. Also the focus will be on communicating the health benefits and quality of the chocolate ranges and the brand will be positioned as a premium brand. Communication will also include communicating about the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives of the organization in Brazil and the approaches the Canadian organization is adopting towards environmental sustainability in Brazil. The communication will adopt an integrated marketing communication (IMC) approach. Sales promotion will be used heavily during festive seasons like Christmas and Easter. The promotional offers will also be visible in the social media platforms. The Canadian chocolate brand will promote itself through social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and other social media platforms (Chaffey 2016). The 3 Principles of Marketing will be customer value, competitive advantage and focus. The customer value will be created by delivering premium chocolate products of highest quality, focus will be to create highly differentiated products for a niche market with a premium pricing strategy. The competitive advantage will be gained by the Canadian chocolate brand by enhancing focus on value chain activities and by adopting innovation to develop premium chocolate products for the Brazilian Market. Marketing activities to be implemented to successfully launch the product in Brazil. Launching of online store with integrated mobile apps- The online stores of the Canadian chocolate brand will have the availability of different premium chocolate ranges. Brazilian customers will be able to make easy and safe payment online through a mobile app. The online stores will deliver products in customers home. Social media and Search Engine ads- Use of social media will enable the premium chocolate brand to create brand awareness and build relationship with customers through Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. In-store promotional events can be conducted in the premium chocolate stores of the Canadian chocolate brand especially during festive seasons like Christmas and Easter to drive sales and activities like loyalty bonus should be given to customers who make repetitive purchase. This strategy will be used for customer retention ATL promotion ads in Televisions, newspapers and magazine will focus on the health benefits and premium quality of the chocolates. In the introductory stage of the Product Life Cycle (PLC), the Canadian chocolate brand must reach a large amount of target audience, thus ATL promotional activities will help to increase brand awareness in the introductory stage. Public relation with government, legislative bodies and customers of Brazil will focus on sustainability factors and the CSR initiatives of the organization. The focus on Triple Bottom Line factors-People, Profit and Planet will enable the Canadian premium chocolate brand to enhance its brand image in hearts of Brazilian customers and Customer Perceived Value will increase (Armstrong et al 2015). Conclusion It can be concluded that the marketing plan will enable the high-end chocolate ranges made in Canada to be introduced in Brazil. The foreign market analysis of Brazil is of paramount importance for the introduction of the high-range chocolate ranges made in Canada. The marketing plan starts with a market analysis in which the main economic figures of Brazil, SWOT analysis, evaluation of business potential for the product in the export market are discussed. The next section discusses about the comparative choice, from the analysis Brazil is the right choice because of high demand of premium chocolates and no need of change in country is required, the third section discusses about target markets and the fourth section gives a brief about the 4Ps of marketing strategy and the marketing activities that can be implemented to launch the product in Brazil. Future strategy is to open premium chocolate stores for the Canadian chocolate brand; initially the distribution could be done by collab orating with more than 3000 premium chocolate stores in Brazil. References Afoakwa, E.O., 2016.Chocolate science and technology. John Wiley Sons. Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R., 2015.Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Bresler, M. and Lubbe, I., 2014. Marketing management. Chaffey, D., 2016. Global social media research summary 2016.Smart Insights,8. de Andrade Silva, A.R., Bioto, A.S., Efraim, P. and de Castilho Queiroz, G., 2017. Impact of sustainability labeling in the perception of sensory quality and purchase intention of chocolate consumers.Journal of Cleaner Production,141, pp.11-21. Della Lucia, F., Do Carmo, J.R., Morais, C.S.N., Nunes, C.A., Pinheiro, A.C.M., Ferreira, E.B., Pinto, S.M., Abreu, L.R., Boas, V. and de Barros, E.V., 2016. Physicochemical and sensory quality of several commercial Brazilian chocolate milk beverages.International Journal of Dairy Technology,69(3), pp.364-371. Hollensen, S., 2015.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Keller, K.L. and Kotler, P., 2016.Marketing management. Pearson. Laufs, K. and Schwens, C., 2014. Foreign market entry mode choice of small and medium-sized enterprises: A systematic review and future research agenda.International Business Review,23(6), pp.1109-1126. Laufs, K. and Schwens, C., 2014. Foreign market entry mode choice of small and medium-sized enterprises: A systematic review and future research agenda.International Business Review,23(6), pp.1109-1126. Weisbrot, M., Johnston, J. and Lefebvre, S., 2014. The Brazilian economy in transition: Macroeconomic policy, labor and inequality.Center for Economic and Policy Research.

Titians altarpieces in the church of the Frari Ven Essay Example For Students

Titians altarpieces in the church of the Frari Ven Essay iceTitians Pesaro and Assunta. Altarpieces in the church of the Frari, Venice. What was the importance of these two altarpieces for the development of painting in Venice, both from a stylistic and iconographic point of view?It has been said that Titians Assunta, which adorns the high altar, and Pesaro (on the left aisle of the chapel of the Immaculate Conception) stand mid-way between the past and the future of Venetian painting. This infers that Titian drew on established traditions learnt from his masters Bellini and Giorgione, and imbued his works with a freshness and inspiration not seen before. Furthermore, it becomes apparent that his sensitive construction of the works considering the authority of his patrons facilitate a depth of interpretation which highlight both the sacred and civic concerns of the time. To illustrate Titians progressive role in Venetian art history, I will draw on Renaissance documentation, and contemporary research that notes the stylistic and iconographic elements of these altarpieces. In 1568 the Florentine chronicler Vasari wrot e of Titian, Titianwho has adorned with great pictures the City of Venicedeserves the love and respect of all craftsmen, who ought to admire and imitate him in many things. For he is a painter who has producedwork whichwill live as long as the memory of illustrious men endures . This is a useful starting point for such an investigation: this representation is valid, since Vasari had met and spoken to him while writing the book, and being a Florentine he wasnt so susceptible to employing the Venetian rhetoric which could tend to be biasedThe contemporary chronicler Ludovico Dolce recorded the shock and criticism the Assunta attracted when it was first unveiled. Such controversy points to its radicalism and supports assertions that it was influential for developing artists: For all the panels grandeur and awesomeness, the oafish painters and the foolish masses, who until then had seen nothing but the dead and cold works of Giovanni Bellini, of Gentile, and of Vivarino, which were with out movement and modelling, grossly defamed the picture. Then, as envy cooled and the truth slowly dawned on them, people began to marvel at the new style established in Venice by Titian There is good reason to conclude that the Assunta and Pesaro altarpieces rank amongst the finest and most notary of Titians works. In his book, The Altarpiece in Renaissance Venice, Peter Humfrey claims that the exceptionally large number of churches in Venice elevated the prevalence of this style, as they all needed to be decorated. The lack of fresco painting (due to the humid climate) meant more panel paintings were constructed, and so Venetian painters tended to concentrate their most ambitious effortson altar painting The lack of primary documentation from this era hinders our ability to place the artwork in its socio-cultural context. When relying on the rhetoric of the State-appointed historians, we must consider the bias that results from their upholding of the Myth of Venice. Obviously, the value of these to the research question is limited; being contemporary, they are unable to describe Titians long-term influence on Venetian painting. When analysing artwork from a stylistic point of view, all visual (not metaphorical) factors are taken into account. Issues of composition, symmetry and asymmetry, colour palette, application of paint, and rendering of forms are all relevant. Iconography refers to any elements of the painting that can be left open for a religious or sacred interpretation. These two points of view are inextricably linked: for example, the placement (re: composition, thus stylistic element) of the Madonna and Child, elevated in the centre of a devotional painting also has iconographic references: this was their traditional position, and portrayed their roles as intercessors between the figures below, and God in Heaven above. In this context, the altarpiece refers to a painting set behind an above the altar in a Christian church. Painted altarpieces migh t be accompanied by sculpture, as in the case of Titians Assunta, which features three free-standing marble figures on the frame. The term sacra conversazione refers to the type of composition made popular by Bellini, where a group of saints are gathered in a unified space. Any conversation between saints is solely spiritual and internal; paradoxically, as soon as obvious communication takes place (in the case of Titians Pesaro), the composition no longer conforms to what constitutes a sacra conversazione . Established traditions in altarpiece designTitian was painting amongst the turbulent climate of the age of Reformation and the Counter-Reformation: this may have influenced his work, endowing it with a greater sense of drama and more overt display of emotion which is evident especially in Assunta. This was a significant development from the entrenched Venetian style established by Bellini: his altarpieces were characteristically tranquil and meditive (Humfrey refers to Bellinis D iletti, S. Giobbe and St Catherine of Sienna altarpieces in defining the sacra conversazione). His style embodies the Venetian ethos of La Serenissima. We will write a custom essay on Titians altarpieces in the church of the Frari Ven specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Stylistic developments in Assunta and Pesaro altarpiecesWhile depictions of the Assumption scene had been painted by such names as Vivarini and Palma Vecchio, Titians subjects are much more powerfully built and more dynamic in their gestures than the relatively angular and timid figures in the earlier altarpieces. There is a mood of vivacity and upward movement, driven by the shifts in dark and light through the three zones (disciples, Madonna, God and angels). The viewers eye is arrested by the raised arms of the disciples, the foreshortening of the virgins body refuses to let the eye rest, until it reaches the sweeping group of angels. Rosand affirms the stylistic importance of this work, in suggesting that its unveiling heralded the arrival of the classical High Renaissance in Venice. Titians dramatic gestures and breadth of form draws comparisons to the art of Raphael, and in particular, his Assumption. Some scholars suggest Titian may have seen preparatory sketches for this work around the time he received the commission for Assunta , in which case the originality of his work is dubious. However, the fact that he hadnt yet undertaken the artists pilgrimage to Rome and viewed the works of Raphael and his contemporaries, offers credibility in terms of his artistic innovation. A justification of why Assunta was not accepted by the patron, Guardian of the Fransiscan order, Fra Germano, was because the human forms are too sensual. A highly rhetorical passage from a 1910 book by Charles Ricketts, asserts that the face of Mary satisfies us as expressing ecstasy in a human type . While being ultimately subjective, it sheds light on how people would personally react to it. The exuberant vitality would have been frightening and even offensive, to generations used to Bellinis style. The Assunta is notable in combining two significant biblical events: the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, and the Coronation. The Coronation was a theme most usually represented in a horizo ntal format, yet perhaps this extensive thematic content would have offered more scope for drama and innovation when it was to be set in a tall, arched format. Infact, when Titian received the commission to construct this work, it was the largest altarpiece that had ever been seen in Venice. In the same way, Pesaro demonstrates an unorthodox blending of styles: the altarpiece painting and the votive portrait style. He transforms the traditional composition of the sacra conversazione from one of centrality, to asymmetry. Rona Goffen supports this notion, claiming there was no real precedent in earlier altar paintings for this asymmetrical scheme . The shift in the Madonna and Childs positioning has iconographic ramifications, as a central position reflects their supreme role in the relationship with the saints and patrons. They still dominate the Pesaro, their elevation conveys importance, and their split attention (Madonna looking to the left, and the Child to the right) is the key to uniting the two groups. Titian draws on characteristics of the popular votive picture (paintings depicting a patron venerating a saint in a more intimate association) for example, Titians Bishop Jacopo Pesaro Presented to St. Peter by Pope Alexander VI which include profile perspectives of subjects, asymmetry, and inclusion of things that represent the patron. The advent of x-ray technology has shown the extent to which Titian refined, and reconstructed stylistic elements of the Pesaro which were originally more Belliniesque in concept. The discovery of underlying pentimenti support this claim, and reveal at least two changes of plan: the first resembles a Bellini work, with a vaulted loggia-like arrangement. The second experimented with a curtain slung across and a Corinthian capital, before the final two colossal columns were executed. Obviously he maintained an awareness of his teachers and a connection with the familiar, yet he presents a notable departure from the Venetian t radition of the Quattrocento, in the disjuncture he establishes between the realm of the church, and inside the painting. Titian has successfully reinterpreted the relationship between the image and the worshipper, denying access to the observer, in contrast to Bellinis devotional portraits, where the viewer was able to connect with the humanity of the Virgin Mary by her gaze out of the painting. .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320 , .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320 .postImageUrl , .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320 , .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320:hover , .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320:visited , .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320:active { border:0!important; } .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320:active , .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320 .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u433302fa9f9de6bdff7f824962578320:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Catcher in the rye and for esm EssayIconographic developments in the Assunta and Pesaro altarpiecesMuch has been written about the role of the columns in the background of the Pesaro altarpiece. David Rosand cites historical texts which interprete the columns to be architectural symbols of Mary, the heavenly ladder by which God descends to Earth, so that through her, those men who merit it ascend to heaven If we agree with this summation of Mary as the stairway to heaven, then these columns can be seen as iconography, rising up to heaven. This appears plausible, since there doesnt seem to be any indication of a natural termination to these columns. Alternatively, the colum ns could be a direct illustration of the text of Ecclesiasticus 24:7, and my throne is a cloudy pillar. This has a special relevance, since other passages from Ecclesiasticus 24 have been linked by art historians to the Immaculate Conception, which is the theme of this altarpiece. The issue of the Immaculate Conception the idea that Mary was exempt from original sin at the moment of her conception was the cause for much antagonism between the Fransiscans and the Dominicans, who preferred to believe that like St John the Baptist, Mary hadnt been conceived without sin, but sanctified in the womb. Thus, not only are the columns significant iconography within the altarpiece, but relate to themes which promote the Fransiscan theology. Adversely, Humfrey dismisses any iconographic significance that these columns might contribute. Their purpose is primarily pictorial: to give greater structural coherenceand to endow the scene with an aura ofgrandeur.This alternative appears to supplement t he x-ray evidence that Titian experimented with a variety of architectural solutions to create a setting that would achieve architectural, as well as theological decorumLike many devotional scenes that depict the Madonna and Child, there are many references to Christs destined crucifixion. It should be noted that Fransiscan theory concentrates on the Passion, which can be read here as evidence of patrons concerns being inextricably linked with the subject matter of these works. Marys gesture towards his raised foot alludes to his stigmata and the crucifixion. Titian follows popular depiction of St. Francis (patron saint of the Fransiscan order); his open hand alludes to his stigmata, yet is also a tool to allow the eye to travel around the composition. St. Francis position makes him intercessor between the Pesaro family and Christ. These allusions to the Passion become explicit in the depiction of the two putti in the clouds, who support a large wooden cross. The extent of the Pesaros iconographic significance can be challenged with the knowledge of the particular troubles Titian had to overcome regarding the placement of the work. The viewer first encounters the altarpiece from an angle, approaching the high altar. Hence, the composition must accommodate not only this view, but a full-frontal perspective. It seems that these conditions would have challenged Titians creativity, and the question of what stands due to necessity and what stands as iconography in this work makes analysis a complicated issue. With the Assunta, Goffen suggests that the stylistic feature of circular forms carries iconographic relevance. While they unify the composition within the painting, the curved architecture of the choir screen and the apse, they refer metaphorically to God, circles being His geometric equivalent . The gold tones prevalent in the work allow for a similar reading, that golden light represents His divine illumination. The light becomes more intense and golden as we cross the boundary between the mundane and the sacred realms, reaching its full density when it reaches God. This golden light and illumination embodies Marys triumph over sin and death. The extent to which the role of patronage inhibited artistic innovationWe have an inhibited ability to interpret works as reflections of the artists innovation and artistic development since they were largely contrived according to the demands of the patrons. In Titians Pesaro, Jacopo Pesaros demands were well documented. The terms of Titians commission stipulated that he include full-length kneeling portraits of Jacopo, his brothers and nephew . In meeting these requirements, this could perhaps account for Titians unusual composition, and if true, it negates the interpretation of significant stylistic innovation. It appears Pesaro wanted numerous images represented in his altarpiece, supported by Ettlinger who studied the iconography of the columns: Pesarobelieved that a successful integration of all elements could be achieved . Alongside the depiction of the Immaculate Conception (and his veneration of it), the inclusion of his family, and emblems which celebrated his illustrious military career were involved. The presence of so much diverse symbolism complicates an interpretation of the artworks iconography, which has been demonstrated in the plethora of scholars explanations in regard to the columns in the background of the Pesaro altarpiece. .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33 , .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33 .postImageUrl , .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33 , .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33:hover , .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33:visited , .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33:active { border:0!important; } .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33:active , .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33 .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc081b3a0a20e65cf4d507b4cf293aa33:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Solar Energy EssayAs a Mendicant friar, Fra Germano Casale could not own property, although he is commerated as the patron of the Assunta . The date of unveiling and his name is inscribed on the frame, which sufficiently serves as documentation of the patronage and commission. Even if Germano relied on bequests to the Frari to fund the work, his vested interests are apparent when we read of his constant harassing of Titian while it was being painted. It reinforces the notion raised with the Pesaro, that the presence of the patrons places an influence on the outcome of the painting, so much so that it enables interpretations based on the political and social interests of th e patrons. It is the many possible readings of these works, not only from a stylistic and iconographic point of view, that make the Assunta and Pesaro such enigmatic and monumental works. In capturing the ideals and beliefs from their time while exhibiting such progressive artistic features, they hold great importance for the development of painting in Venice. Bibliography:BIBLIOGRAPHY1. Anderson, J.The Genius of Venice 1500-1600, in Art International, vol.27 April/June 1984 p.15-222. Ettlinger, H.The Iconography of the Columns in Titians Pesaro Altarpiece, in Art Bulletin vol.61, 1979 p.59-673. Goffen, R.Piety and Patronage in Renaissance Venice: Bellini, Titian and the Fransiscans, New Haven, Yale (1996)4. Humfrey, P.The Altarpiece in Renaissance Venice, New Haven and London (1993)5. Licht, F.Titian: The Majestic Voice of All Venice, in Art International no.11 Summer 1990 p.90-936. Ricketts, C.Titian Methuen Co.Ltd, London, 19107. Rosand, D.Painting in Cinquecento Venice: Titian, Veronese, Tintoretto, New Haven and London (1982)8. Rosenthal, M.In my view Titians reputation: the limitations of history, in Apollo, Dec. 93 p.395-89. Tietze, H.Titian: The Paintings and Drawings The Phaidon Press Ltd, London 1950